Takht-i-Bhai as a Cultural Heritage Tourism Destination: A Questionnaire Based Analysis of Visitor Perceptions and Challenges in Promoting Buddhist Heritage
Abstract
Tourism, particularly cultural heritage tourism, is important to Pakistan's economy, including popular destinations such as Mardan's Takht-i-Bahi. This well-preserved Buddhist monastery not only benefits local businesses, but it also exemplifies heritage tourism's ability to support economic growth and cultural preservation. A mixed-methods study was conducted to analyze the impact of tourism on Takht-i-Bahi and its surrounding communities, using 150 surveys and 20 interviews. The findings highlight both benefits and drawbacks. Tourism has increased living standards, provided jobs, and boosted local companies, but it has also resulted in higher costs and seasonal employment. Socially and culturally, tourism presents questions about commercialization and culture eroding even as it fosters cultural understanding and community pride. Regarding the environment, the majority of respondents think that heritage sites are adequately protected by current policies; yet, some are aware of possible problems including contamination and strain on infrastructure. Namely, the site's Buddhist background draws in 73% of respondents, who all support keeping it that way. The facilities and accessibility are rated at just 39% and 33%, respectively, as satisfactory, and informative resources are acceptable. Upgrades to the infrastructure, educational materials, and ecological practices are crucial for ensuring long-term preservation and visitor delight.
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